
Original Broadcast: September 22, 2008
Northern Public Radio
Note: Clicking the title and above link will take you a Northern Public Radio webpage with an MP3 of my story.
Transcript:
Intro: For the past two years, the Illinois Department of Public Health has reported a big increase in the number of bats that have tested positive for rabies. But as Andy Mitchell reports, the numbers aren’t as scary as they seem.
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Kathy Martinez teaches children about bats. For nearly a decade, she’s been easing their fears and clearing up the myths. As she stands at a table in the Severson Dells Nature center in Rockford, she pulls out a picture from her box of teaching tools – a picture that always gets a reaction from her students.
Martinez: And here's the Vampire Bat. That's always a big issue with kids. That's a big worry of their's.
WNIJ: They're not even in the America.
Martinez: And they're not even around. So I tell them they have to travel very very far away to find one.
Next, Martinez takes out two bat skulls and places them on the table. One is about two and a half inches long - a fruit bat’s. The other was of a bat more commonly found in our area.
Martinez: This is the skull for a little brown bat.
WNIJ: It's barely the size of my... of the nail on my pinky.
Small bats like those are more likely to be found inside of houses That can be a scary thought if you look at recent statistics about rabid bats. Last year, there were a record 113 bats reported with rabies in Illinois. Before that, the highest yearly total was only 50. And when you take a look at the latest figures - 85 rabid bats in Illinois so far this year - it's understandable if you assume the worst; that bat rabies is on the rise.
But it turns out that these high are not caused by an outbreak. Just more awareness. In the past few years, more and more bats have been submitted for testing. So even though the total numbers seem high, the percentages tell a different story.
Kelly Jakubek: For 2008, so far, we have roughly four percent of all bats submitted that have tested positive for rabies. There was five percent in 2007. So statistically it's not a very big difference.
That's Kelly Jakubek, the communications manager of the Department of Public Health. She says the reason more people are submitting bats for testing is because the public’s awareness of bats and rabies has gone up.
Dr. Joyce Hofmann agrees. She's a research scientist specializing in mammals at the University of Illinois.
Hofmann: With urban sprawl you have people building houses on the edges of woods, where the bats may have been living beforehand and they're more likely to be encountered. And I think it's also publicity. When there's an article in the paper about a rabid bat being found, it's possible then that people start looking a little more closely.
Hofmann says she has mixed emotions about this trend. Her research focuses on endangered and threatened species. And to submit a bat...or ANY animal for rabies testing...they have to be killed first.
Hofmann: You know, it makes me feel a little sad that so many get tested that do turn out to be negative, but you have to look at it from a human point of view too. I mean, people can't take chances.
Hofmann adds that people should remember the bats being tested are part of a biased sample - meaning they're only tested because people are suspicious of them. If a random sample of all the bats in Illinois got tested, there would be a much lower rate with rabies.
Plus, bats are not turned in for testing as often as cats or dogs. Yet for the past three years, only bats have been testing positive. Dr. Connie Austin is the state veterinarian for the Department of Public Health. She says that bats seem to be the one mammal consistently found with rabies.
Austin: You can get outbreaks in skunk species or raccoon species where even up to 30 or 40 percent of them will test positive. But with bats, year to year, we seem to have three to six percent, so it will go up and down here and there, but generally you don't get high percents testing positive.
Austin says that preventative measures around the home could help lower those numbers.
Austin: We would rather not have to euthanize bats and test them. From our perspective, the best thing to do would be to have people make sure that their houses are secure enough that the bats don't get into their attics.
Austin says it's also important to educate people about bats and rabies. And that's what keeps Kathy Martinez busy back at Severson Dells Nature Preserve. She says that even after it gets colder outside and bats have gone away to hibernate, people are interested.
Martinez: Most everyone, where ever I go, has a bat story about a bat that was in their home or their school or they know somebody that had a bat in their house. And they're always very anxious to share.
WNIJ: So they're not very scared [of] them.
Martinez: Actually, children are usually very receptive and not frightened about bats. They'll tell me that their mother or their father or their aunt or their uncle or somebody is afraid of them, but they're not.
Martinez teaches childrenhow to be safe around bats - to not touch them or treat them like pets. But she knows the odds of getting rabies from a bat are more than slim.
Martinez: You have a much better chance of winning the lottery than of getting rabies from a bat.
I'm Andy Mitchell, WNIJ News.